Causes of aortitis Classification Symptoms of prednisone Complications Diagnosis Treatment of aortitis Prognosis and prevention Prices for treatment.

Aortitis is a vasculitis, a special case of aortoarteritis with an exclusive or predominant lesion of the aorta.

Due to the variety of causes leading to the development of aortitis, the disease is not only in the field of view of cardiology, but also in rheumatology, venereology, phthisiology, and traumatology. Usually, with aortitis, the thoracic aorta is affected, less often the abdominal aorta. If inflammation captures individual layers of the aorta, they speak of endaortitis, mesaortitis, periaortitis; with damage to the entire thickness of the arterial wall (intima, media and adventitia) - about panaortitis. According to the distribution, aortitis can be ascending, descending and diffuse.

Depending on the etiology, 2 groups of prednisone are distinguished: infectious and allergic.

Infectious aortitis. The development of infectious aortitis is associated with the penetration of an infectious pathogen into the aortic wall by the hematogenous or lymphogenous route or the spread of the inflammatory process to the aorta from adjacent tissues: Specific infectious aortitis most often develops with syphilis, tuberculosis, less often with brucellosis. Nonspecific aortitis is usually bacterial and is usually associated with a previous streptococcal infection and rheumatic fever. The aorta can be involved in inflammation in lung abscess, mediastinitis, infective endocarditis.

Most often caused by autoimmune diseases, collagenoses, systemic vasculitis (Takayasu's disease).

Allergic aortitis. Cases of aortitis are described in Bechterew's disease (ankylosing spondylitis), rheumatoid arthritis, thromboangiitis obliterans. Aortitis may be a component of Cogan's syndrome, also characterized by inflammatory keratitis, vestibular and auditory dysfunction. Taking into account the predominance of certain pathological processes, purulent, necrotic, productive, granulomatous forms of aortitis are distinguished. Purulent and necrotic aortitis have an acute or subacute course, the rest are chronic.

Pathological changes in the arterial wall have their differences in aortitis of various etiologies: With aortitis of a syphilitic nature, the intimate layer of the aorta undergoes inflammatory and sclerosing processes, as a result of which it becomes wrinkled, scarred, with coarse folds resembling tree bark. The orifices of the coronary arteries, as well as the semilunar valves of the aortic valve, are involved in the pathological process, contributing to the occurrence of aortic insufficiency. In the late period of syphilitic aortitis, saccular or diffuse aortic aneurysms are formed. In this case, mucoid edema develops in all layers of the aorta, fibrinoid swelling, followed bygranulomatosis and sclerosis.

In a wall of an aorta syphilitic gummas are sometimes found. Tuberculous aortitis develops with a corresponding lesion of the lymph nodes, lungs, mediastinal organs, retroperitoneal space. Specific granulations and foci of prednisone pills necrosis are formed in the vascular wall. Tuberculous aortitis is characterized by the presence of ulceration of the endothelium, aneurysms, calcification of the aortic wall, perforations. Rheumatic damage to the aorta proceeds according to the type of panaortitis.

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Purulent aortitis is accompanied by phlegmonous or abscessing inflammation of the aortic wall, its dissection and perforation. Usually, inflammation passes to the aortic wall from neighboring organs, surrounding tissue, or due to septic thrombosis. Ulcerative-necrotic aortitis is usually a consequence of bacterial endocarditis, sepsis, less often - a complication of operations on the aortic valve or patent ductus arteriosus.

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In case of damage to the abdominal aorta, pain is localized in the abdomen or lower back. Pain in aortitis is expressed almost constantly, the intensity of pain periodically changes. An early pathognomonic sign of aortitis is the asymmetry of the pulse on the radial, subclavian and carotid arteries or its complete absence on one side. When measuring blood pressure on one arm, it can be markedly reduced or not detected at all.

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